The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.